All Posts in "Civil Liability Convention"

Civil Liability ConventionIn situations when the shipowner is deemed guilty of fault for an instance of oil pollution, the convention does not cap liability. Canada decides to adopt the international scheme for liability and compensation for oil pollution damage from ships and accedes to the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 International Fund Convention on April 24, 1989. The shipowner shall be entitled to limit liability in accordance with the applicable international convention or the national law of the State the courts of which have jurisdiction in accordance with write-up 9, paragraph 5. C. Some 1969 CLC States have agreed to accept 1992 CLC certificates as proof of 1969 CLC liabilities, e.g. Indonesia.

The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Harm (the Bunkers Convention) is adopted internationally. Compensation under the Fund Convention is supplied by oil cargo receivers in Contracting States and every contribution depends on individual import quantities. Its key attributes are the very same as CLC 1969, but CLC 1992 differs in the amounts by which a shipowner might limit his liability. Panama has indicated that it would be prepared to offer 1969 CLC certificates for 1992 CLC flag ships. The Protocol of 1984 to amend the CLC was aimed at increasing limits of liability.

The International Oil Pollution Compensation Funds have also ready a brochure which describes the international oil pollution compensation regime in a reader-friendly type. In fact, the judicial charges against the natural and legal persons prosecuted had been not based on the … Read the rest >>>

Joshua Brown by — November 15, 2017 in Civil Liability Convention

Civil Liability ConventionIn February, the Arrow strikes rock in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, spilling some eight,000 tonnes of oil. The 1971 Fund Convention offered for the payment of supplementary compensation to these who could not receive complete compensation for oil pollution damage beneath the 1969 CLC. The Canadian Government’s claim for charges and expenditures incurred is presented to, and paid by, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund. The consolidated text of CLC 1969, as modified by the 1992 Protocol, is referred to as the 1992 Civil Liability Convention.

On the other hand, the 1992 CLC prohibits claims against the servants or agents of the shipowner, the members of the crew, the pilot, the charterer (including a bareboat charterer), manager or operator of the ship, or any particular person carrying out salvage operations or taking preventive measures, unless the pollution damage resulted from the private act or omission of the person concerned, committed with the intent to bring about such damage, or recklessly and with knowledge that such harm would most likely outcome.

Immediately after the 2003 amendments to the Fund Convention entered into force the compensation ceilings have been elevated to about € 1.000.0000. Subject to a number of certain exceptions, the Civil Liability Convention areas liability for pollution damage on the owner of the tanker from which the polluting oil escaped or was discharged (not necessarily the vessel at fault).

Recognition of the difficulties that can be caused by spills of heavy bunker fuel from non-tankers led to the adoption of … Read the rest >>>

Joshua Brown by — November 1, 2017 in Civil Liability Convention

Civil Liability ConventionThis Protocol extends the application of the 1969 Liability Convention to contain the exclusive financial zone of a Contracting State established in accordance with international law, or if a Contracting State has not established such a zone, in an region beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea of that State determined by that State in accordance with international law and extending not much more than 200 nautical miles from baseline from which the breadth of its territorial sea is measured (art. As soon as this Convention comes into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-Common to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations. They will need to acquire a certificate covering 1969 CLC liabilities from one more source in order to be permitted to enter the waters of States parties to the 1969 CLC.

The 1969 CLC entered into force in 1975 and lays down the principle of strict liability (i.e. liability even in the absence of fault) for tanker owners and creates a system of compulsory liability insurance coverage. Nothing in this Convention shall have an effect on the appropriate of the shipowner and the individual or persons giving insurance or other financial security to limit liability beneath any applicable national or international regime, such as the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976, as amended. The judgment of the Court of appeal of Paris was appealed in cassation by … Read the rest >>>

Joshua Brown by — October 10, 2017 in Civil Liability Convention

Civil Liability ConventionShipowner” implies the owner, like the registered owner, bareboat charterer, manager and operator of the ship. Rights to compensation beneath this Convention shall be extinguished unless an action is brought thereunder within three years from the date when the damage occurred. A list of States which will be parties to the 1992 CLC as from midnight on 15 May well 1998 is attached as Annex 1. A list of States which will be parties to the 1969 CLC as from midnight on 15 Might is attached as Annex 2. Once this certificate has been obtained it can be retained on board for use in the course of calls to any 1969 CLC states for the remainder of the policy year.

B. States parties to the 1969 CLC continue the established practice of issuing 1969 CLC certificates to ships flying the flag of non-party States and accept such certificates issued by other States parties to the 1969 CLC. Note 1: Paragraph 2 of Article 7 of the Bunker Oil Convention demands the certificate to specify the period of validity of the certificate. A certificate issued for the ship, for the purposes of Write-up 7 of the Bunker Oil Convention, by or under the authority of the government of that country.

B. that, exactly where legally attainable in accordance with their national law, States Parties to the 1969 CLC accept CLC certificates issued by State Parties to the 1992 CLC as proof that a ship has insurance cover as necessary by the … Read the rest >>>

Joshua Brown by — October 8, 2017 in Civil Liability Convention

Civil Liability ConventionThese Suggestions were adopted at the 35th International Conference of the Comité Maritime International (CMI), held in Sydney on 2-eight October 1994. This section is only applicable to ships flying the flags of a State celebration to the 1969 CLC (see Annex two). Till 30 May 1996 only one Civil Liability Convention was in force: the 1969 CLC offering limits of liability on a sliding scale starting at SDR 133 per limitation ton up to a maximum of SDR 14 million (around USD 20.two million). Note: In 2008, the text of the Convention was accessible via the Australian Treaties Library on the AustLII World wide web site ().

In a parallel law suit, the Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris (hereafter TGI), by a historic ruling of 16 January 2008 17 , changed the status quo ante in applying the French droit commun” in addition to the 1992 CLC/IOPC Fund regime. Applied provisions means the provisions of the Bunker Oil Convention described in section 11 as they have the force of law as portion of the law of the Commonwealth.

Thus, right after reading in a new (but ortodox) light the provison in report 221, paragraph 5, in combination with articles 220, paragraph 6 and 228 of UNCLOS, the judgment holds that, in case of critical damage to the marine environment, national courts may possibly impose penalties in accordance with their legislation, to give impact to the provisions of the Marpol Convention.

The International Convention on the Establishment of an … Read the rest >>>

Joshua Brown by — September 23, 2017 in Civil Liability Convention