Free Debt Help – How New Laws Have Created Debt Relief Options
There was a time when people could get out of a difficult financial situation by filing bankruptcy and get a trouble free fresh start. But with a change in laws, free debt help has come to the rescue of the masses so that what has been changed by the new laws can get people some respite.
Today what people face are the changing implications of the personal bankruptcy rules given in chapter 7 of the bankruptcy code. According to the new rules, anyone filing insolvency will have to pay some part of the debt that he or she owes to the financer. Besides that, there are many other types of loans which are not exempted from being written off, such as student loans and government taxes have to be paid in full without any reductions.
These changes in the laws have made bankruptcy an option which should be considered the … Read the rest >>>
On the other hand, the provision(s) do not commence at all if the occasion described in paragraph (b) does not take place. The ship-owner’s liability can only be exonerated if he proves that the damage resulted from acts of war or equivalent force majeure conditions, from wilful acts or omissions of a third party, or from negligence or other wrongful act of the authority responsible for the upkeep of navigational aids in the physical exercise of its functions. Issued in accordance with the provisions of Post VII of the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969.
In situations when the shipowner is deemed guilty of fault for an instance of oil pollution, the convention does not cap liability. Canada decides to adopt the international scheme for liability and compensation for oil pollution damage from ships and accedes to the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and the 1971 International Fund Convention on April 24, 1989. The shipowner shall be entitled to limit liability in accordance with the applicable international convention or the national law of the State the courts of which have jurisdiction in accordance with write-up 9, paragraph 5. C. Some 1969 CLC States have agreed to accept 1992 CLC certificates as proof of 1969 CLC liabilities, e.g. Indonesia.
In February, the Arrow strikes rock in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, spilling some eight,000 tonnes of oil. The 1971 Fund Convention offered for the payment of supplementary compensation to these who could not receive complete compensation for oil pollution damage beneath the 1969 CLC. The Canadian Government’s claim for charges and expenditures incurred is presented to, and paid by, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund. The consolidated text of CLC 1969, as modified by the 1992 Protocol, is referred to as the 1992 Civil Liability Convention.
This Protocol extends the application of the 1969 Liability Convention to contain the exclusive financial zone of a Contracting State established in accordance with international law, or if a Contracting State has not established such a zone, in an region beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea of that State determined by that State in accordance with international law and extending not much more than 200 nautical miles from baseline from which the breadth of its territorial sea is measured (art. As soon as this Convention comes into force, the text shall be transmitted by the Secretary-Common to the Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations. They will need to acquire a certificate covering 1969 CLC liabilities from one more source in order to be permitted to enter the waters of States parties to the 1969 …