The civil liability regime for ship-supply oil pollution enables national victims of oil spill harm to make monetary claims against domestic and non-domestic tanker owners and, in specific situations, the international oil cargo market. The 1971 Fund Convention offered for the payment of supplementary compensation to those who could not acquire full compensation for oil pollution harm under the 1969 CLC. The Canadian Government’s claim for charges and expenses incurred is presented to, and paid by, the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund. The consolidated text of CLC 1969, as modified by the 1992 Protocol, is referred to as the 1992 Civil Liability Convention.

See: Ibrahima, D. Recovering Harm to the Atmosphere per se Following an Oil Spill: the Shadows and Lights of the Civil Liability and Fund Conventions”, RECIEL, 14-1, 2005, p. 64. The Canadian compensation regime is based on the basic principle that the shipowner is mostly liable for oil pollution brought on by the ship. If the flag state was a celebration to each the 1969 and 1992 CLC the shipowner received in return a certificate certifying that the shipowner had in location insurance coverage covering liabilities beneath both conventions.

First, the Convention sets up an international civil liability scheme operating among the natural or legal persons impacted whose claims for compensation of pollution damage, if not settled otherwise, ought to be submitted to the competent national court of the State exactly where the polluting damage occurred or preventive measures were taken.

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